March 2024

Hammertoe is a foot deformity where one or more toes bend abnormally at the middle joint, resembling a hammer. It often results from muscle imbalance, causing ligaments and tendons to become tight and toes to curl downward instead of lying flat. Common causes include wearing ill-fitting shoes, especially those with narrow toe boxes or high heels, which can crowd the toes and force them into unnatural positions. Additionally, genetics, trauma, and certain medical conditions, such as arthritis, can contribute to hammertoe development. Treatment options range from conservative measures to surgery, depending on the severity of the condition. Conservative approaches may involve wearing properly fitting shoes with a roomy toe box, using orthotic inserts or pads to relieve pressure, and performing toe exercises to strengthen muscles. In more severe cases, where pain persists or mobility is significantly affected, surgical correction may be recommended to realign the toes and restore normal function. If you have a hammertoe that is causing discomfort, it is suggested that you schedule an appointment with a podiatrist for treatment that is deemed appropriate for you.

Hammertoe

Hammertoes can be a painful condition to live with. For more information, contact Gregory T. Loo, DPM from Elite Podiatry. Our doctor will answer any of your foot- and ankle-related questions.

Hammertoe is a foot deformity that affects the joints of the second, third, fourth, or fifth toes of your feet. It is a painful foot condition in which these toes curl and arch up, which can often lead to pain when wearing footwear.

Symptoms

• Pain in the affected toes
• Development of corns or calluses due to friction
• Inflammation
• Redness
• Contracture of the toes

Causes

Genetics – People who are genetically predisposed to hammertoe are often more susceptible

Arthritis – Because arthritis affects the joints in your toes, further deformities stemming from arthritis can occur

Trauma – Direct trauma to the toes could potentially lead to hammertoe

Ill-fitting shoes – Undue pressure on the front of the toes from ill-fitting shoes can potentially lead to the development of hammertoe

Treatment

Orthotics – Custom made inserts can be used to help relieve pressure placed on the toes and therefore relieve some of the pain associated with it

Medications – Oral medications such as anti-inflammatories or NSAIDs could be used to treat the pain and inflammation hammertoes causes. Injections of corticosteroids are also sometimes used

Surgery – In more severe cases where the hammertoes have become more rigid, foot surgery is a potential option

If you have any questions please contact one of our offices located in Ahwatukee, and Phoenix, AZ . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot and ankle needs.

Achilles tendonitis, an inflammation of the Achilles tendon, disrupts the smooth functioning of the tendon connecting the calf muscles to the heel bone. Contributing factors include tight calf muscles and excessive running up and down hills. Sudden increases in exercise intensity or duration of activity and wearing improper footwear, such as stiff-soled shoes or high heels, are other causes of Achilles tendonitis. Athletes engaging in activities that involve repetitive jumping or sudden stops or starts are particularly prone to overuse injuries like Achilles tendonitis. The main symptom is pain along the tendon, especially near the heel. Other signs of Achilles tendonitis can include swelling, warmth, and tenderness over the affected area. Difficulty rising on the toes or pushing off while walking, in addition to morning heel pain accompanied by ankle stiffness are further indicators. Recovery for Achilles tendonitis typically includes anti-inflammatory medication, rehabilitation exercises, and use of walking boots or casts for immobilization. If you are experiencing symptoms of Achilles tendonitis, it is suggested that you schedule an appointment with a podiatrist for an exam, diagnosis, and personalized treatment.

Achilles tendon injuries need immediate attention to avoid future complications. If you have any concerns, contact Gregory T. Loo, DPM of Elite Podiatry. Our doctor can provide the care you need to keep you pain-free and on your feet.

What Is the Achilles Tendon?

The Achilles tendon is a tendon that connects the lower leg muscles and calf to the heel of the foot. It is the strongest tendon in the human body and is essential for making movement possible. Because this tendon is such an integral part of the body, any injuries to it can create immense difficulties and should immediately be presented to a doctor.

What Are the Symptoms of an Achilles Tendon Injury?

There are various types of injuries that can affect the Achilles tendon. The two most common injuries are Achilles tendinitis and ruptures of the tendon.

Achilles Tendinitis Symptoms

• Inflammation
• Dull to severe pain
• Increased blood flow to the tendon
• Thickening of the tendon

Rupture Symptoms

• Extreme pain and swelling in the foot
• Total immobility

Treatment and Prevention

Achilles tendon injuries are diagnosed by a thorough physical evaluation, which can include an MRI. Treatment involves rest, physical therapy, and in some cases, surgery. However, various preventative measures can be taken to avoid these injuries, such as:

• Thorough stretching of the tendon before and after exercise
• Strengthening exercises like calf raises, squats, leg curls, leg extensions, leg raises, lunges, and leg presses

If you have any questions please feel free to contact one of our offices located in Ahwatukee, and Phoenix, AZ . We offer the newest diagnostic tools and technology to treat your foot and ankle needs.

An ankle sprain is a common yet potentially debilitating injury. A sprain occurs when the ligaments that support the ankle joint are stretched or torn. People with an ankle sprain often report a variety of symptoms that can vary depending on the severity of the injury. At first, the affected area may exhibit swelling and bruising. Pain is a hallmark symptom, and it may intensify when weight is applied to the injured foot. In more severe cases, someone may hear or feel a popping sound at the moment of injury, indicating a possible ligament rupture. The ankle joint may have a reduced range of motion and can feel tender to the touch. These symptoms collectively impair an individual's ability to perform daily activities, making it important to get professional evaluation and treatment. A podiatrist can accurately assess the extent of the damage of an ankle sprain through physical examination and imaging tests. If you suspect an ankle sprain, it is suggested you make an appointment with a podiatrist for diagnosis and an appropriate treatment plan.

Ankle sprains are common but need immediate attention. If you need your feet checked, contact Gregory T. Loo, DPM from Elite Podiatry. Our doctor can provide the care you need to keep you pain-free and on your feet.

How Does an Ankle Sprain Occur?

Ankle sprains take place when the ligaments in your ankle are torn or stretched beyond their limits. There are multiple ways that the ankle can become injured, including twisting or rolling over onto your ankle, putting undue stress on it, or causing trauma to the ankle itself.

What Are the Symptoms?

• Mild to moderate bruising
• Limited mobility
• Swelling
• Discoloration of the skin (depending on severity)

Preventing a Sprain

• Wearing appropriate shoes for the occasion
• Stretching before exercises and sports
• Knowing your limits

Treatment of a Sprain

Treatment of a sprain depends on the severity.  Many times, people are told to rest and remain off their feet completely, while others are given an air cast. If the sprain is very severe, surgery may be required.

If you have suffered an ankle sprain previously, you may want to consider additional support such as a brace and regular exercises to strengthen the ankle.

If you have any questions please feel free to contact one of our offices located in Ahwatukee, and Phoenix, AZ . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot and ankle needs.

Diabetes raises the risk of foot ulcers, with a 40 percent five-year mortality rate. Limb salvage is preferred, but if a podiatrist finds that an amputation is necessary, partial-foot amputations, or PFAs, are preferred. PFAs offer better mobility and quality of life, but complications like re-ulceration persist. Assessing quality of life involves considering function and patient preferences. Shared decision-making integrates medical, psychological, and patient factors, which are critical for complex choices like limb salvage versus amputation. If you are a diabetic, it is strongly suggested that you make regular appointments with a podiatrist to have your feet routinely examined and problems dealt with as soon as possible. Preventing complications leading to limb-threatening conditions and improving quality of life is the goal.

Limb salvage can be an effective way in preventing the need for limb amputation. If you have diabetes, cancer, or any other condition that could lead to foot amputation if left unchecked, consult with Gregory T. Loo, DPM from Elite Podiatry. Our doctor will assess your condition and provide you with quality foot and ankle treatment.

What Is Limb Salvage?

Limb salvage is the attempt of saving a limb, such as the foot from amputation. Podiatrists also try to make sure that there is enough function in the foot after the salvage that it is still usable. Diabetes is the number one cause of non-traumatic amputations in the United States. Those with diabetes experience poor blood circulation, which prevents proper healing of an ulcer. If the ulcer is left uncheck, it could become infected, which could result in the need for amputation.

However, there are other causes as well, such as cancer and traumatic injury. Links between higher mortality rates and amputation have been found. This translates into higher healthcare costs, and a reduced quality of life and mobility for amputees. Podiatrists have attempted to increase the prevalence of limb salvage in an attempt to solve these issues.

Diagnosis and Treatment

Limb salvage teams have grown in recent years that utilize a number of different treatments to save the infected limb. This includes podiatrists that specialize in wound care, rehabilitation, orthotics, and surgery. Through a combination of these methods, limb salvage has been found to be an effective treatment for infected limbs, and as an alternative to amputation. Podiatrists will first evaluate the potential for limb salvage and determine if the limb can be saved or must be amputated. 

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact one of our offices located in Ahwatukee, and Phoenix, AZ . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.